Menstruation brings physical and emotional changes, and women often struggle with cramps, nausea, mood swings, and body aches. Among these issues, back pain is one of the most common and bothersome issues that many women face. It’s not just a dull ache, for some it can be a relentless pressure that interferes with their ability to concentrate, work, or even relax. But what exactly causes this annoying back pain during menstruation? While it may seem like an inevitable part of the monthly cycle, understanding its underlying causes can help you better manage it.
To understand the causes of back pain during menstruation, the OnlyMyHealth team collaborated with Dr. Chetna Jain, Director, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klodneen Group of Hospitals, Gurgaon.
Causes of back pain during menstruation
Dr. Chetna Jain explains, “Back pain during menstruation is a common problem that many people experience. This discomfort is often caused by normal physiological processes that occur during the menstrual cycle.
Here are some key factors that contribute to this pain:
1. Uterine contractions
During menstruation, the uterus contracts to shed its lining, a process triggered by prostaglandins, hormone-like substances, according to PubMed. “High levels of prostaglandins can cause severe uterine contractions, which can cause lower back pain,” said Dr. Jain.
2. Inflammation and prostaglandins
Prostaglandins not only cause contractions, but they also increase inflammation. This inflammation can affect the surrounding muscles and ligaments, resulting in back pain.
3. Hormonal changes
“Fluctuations in hormone levels, especially the drop in progesterone and estrogen before menstruation, can increase pain sensitivity and accentuate discomfort,” Dr. Jain explained.
4. Recommended pain
The nerves of the pelvic area are closely connected to the lower back. Pain from the uterus or pelvic area can radiate to the lower back, exacerbating the discomfort.
5. Pre-existing conditions
According to Dr. Jain, conditions like endometriosis, fibroids, or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) can make back pain worse. Severe or persistent pain may require medical intervention to rule out these underlying issues.
Also read: Studies show that women with depression may have more painful periods
Expert tips for relieving back pain during menstruation
While period pain can be challenging, there are some effective ways to manage it. Dr. Jane shares practical advice for finding relief:
1. Apply heat
Applying a heating pad or hot water bottle to your lower back can help relax muscles, improve blood flow, and reduce spasms. Heat therapy is a simple but effective treatment for immediate relief.
2. Exercise and stretching
Light physical activity, such as yoga or walking, can release endorphins, natural painkillers. “Stretching exercises like child’s pose or cat-cow can specifically target tension in the lower back and reduce discomfort,” advises Dr. Jain.
3. Over-the-counter painkillers
“Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen can reduce prostaglandin levels and reduce contractions and inflammation,” said Dr. Jin. However, he stressed that they should be taken as directed by a doctor.
4. Massage therapy
A back massage with essential oils like lavender or peppermint can help relax tense muscles. The soothing effects of massage can significantly reduce pain.
5. Stay hydrated.
Dr. Jain noted that proper hydration can help reduce bloating and reduce the severity of muscle cramps, which indirectly reduces back pain. Drinking plenty of water throughout the day is a simple yet beneficial practice.
6. Mind and body exercise
Stress and anxiety can increase the perception of pain. Techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, and acupuncture can help reduce stress and improve pain management.
7. Adjust your status
Sitting or standing for long periods of time can put strain on your back. Dr. Jin recommends: Use ergonomic furniture, take frequent breaks, and maintain good posture to prevent further discomfort.
Also read: Expert shares 5 ways to tell if your period pain has progressed to endometriosis
When to see a doctor
While mild to moderate pain during menstruation is common, severe or long-lasting lower back pain could be a sign of an underlying condition. Dr. Jane recommends seeking medical attention if you have pain:
- It lasts longer than your period.
- It is accompanied by heavy bleeding or other unusual symptoms.
- It significantly interferes with your daily activities.
Conclusion
Back pain during menstruation is often the result of normal physiological processes. “Understanding the causes of this pain and how to manage it can help reduce your monthly discomfort,” concluded Dr. Jain. With self-care strategies such as heat application, exercise, and hydration, most discomfort can be effectively managed. However, if the pain persists or worsens, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional to identify and address the underlying condition.
