Menopause is a natural stage in a woman’s life between the ages of 45 and 55, marking the end of her menstrual cycle and caused by changes in hormone levels, particularly estrogen. Many women experience uncomfortable symptoms during this time that can affect their daily lives and well-being.
These changes can be challenging, but understanding them is the first step to managing them effectively. However, the symptoms can be much more than just common. An expert spoke about the most embarrassing symptoms of menopause and offered help on how to manage them.
Unpleasant symptoms of menopause
Dr. Nima Sharma, Director and Head of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fortis Vasant Kunj, explains menopause as the stage when the ovaries stop functioning and do not produce hormones, hence a woman does not get her period. The average age of menopause in India is around 50 to 52 years. However, if a woman gets her period before the age of 40 and if we test the hormone and confirm that she is in menopause, it is called premature menopause.
The expert shared several problems in women’s daily lives and described in detail the unpleasant symptoms of menopause.
- Vaginal dryness: Reduced estrogen leads to irritation and pain during intercourse. Treatment includes moisturizers and hormonal treatments.
- Loss of libido: Hormonal changes can cause a decrease in libido. Medical communication and counseling can help.
- Joint pain: Hormonal fluctuations can cause stiffness and discomfort in the joints. Exercise and painkillers can provide relief.
- Muscle pain: Muscle pain may increase. Moderate physical activity and stretching may reduce discomfort.
Some other symptoms according to the NHS are listed below.
- Anxiety: Increased anxiety and mood swings are common. Stress management techniques such as mindfulness may be helpful.
- Discomfort during sex: Often related to vaginal dryness. Using lubricants and more foreplay can improve comfort. Feelings of loss of self: Emotional changes associated with aging may occur. Support groups and counseling may be helpful.
- Hair loss or thinning: Hormonal changes can lead to thinning hair on the scalp and increased facial hair. Treatment includes minoxidil or hormone therapy.
- Headaches or migraines: Hormonal fluctuations can cause headaches. Keeping a headache diary can help with management.
- Increased facial hair: Higher testosterone levels can cause facial hair to grow. Options include laser removal or electrolysis.
- Heart palpitations: Irregular heartbeats can occur due to hormonal changes or anxiety. If this symptom occurs, it is important to seek medical attention.
- Recurrent urinary tract infections: Reduced estrogen increases susceptibility to urinary tract infections. Good hygiene and hydration help prevent them.
- Urge and stress incontinence: Hormonal changes can weaken the pelvic muscles and lead to incontinence. Pelvic floor exercises can be an effective treatment.
Tips for coping with menopause
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Dr. Sharma advised women to visit a gynecologist for a complete checkup, including ultrasound, mammogram, and Pap smear. After the consultation, the need for hormone therapy is assessed. Most cases can be controlled with lifestyle changes like regular exercise, a healthy diet, and yoga, which can help reduce mild symptoms. Some other management tips are listed below.
- Eat well: Choose a balanced diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and calcium-rich foods like yogurt and leafy greens. This helps your bones.
- Stay active: Exercise regularly, especially weight-bearing exercises like walking or dancing. This will help you stay fit and feel good.
- Get a good night’s sleep: Have a calming bedtime routine and keep your bedroom cool and dark to help you sleep better.
- Manage stress: Try relaxation techniques such as yoga, meditation, or deep breathing to reduce stress and anxiety.
- Drink water: Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water. To help with hot flashes and improve your health, limit caffeine and alcohol.
- Talk to others: Share your feelings with friends, family, or support groups. Talking can be comforting and helpful.
- Talk to your doctor: If your symptoms are severe, ask your doctor about hormone replacement therapy (HRT) or other treatment.
- Use moisturizers: Over-the-counter lubricants can help with vaginal dryness. Ask your pharmacist for advice.
- Quit smoking: Quitting smoking can improve your health and reduce your risks during menopause.
Conclusion
If a woman has severe symptoms that cause depression, she may need hormone therapy, such as menopausal hormone therapy. This treatment is prescribed in low doses for a short period of time to help with symptoms. It is important for women to work with their doctor to find the best way to manage menopause.
