Key Warning Signs and Risk Factors for Women’s Heart Health

Heart disease is often thought of as primarily a man’s issue, but it is just as important, if not more so, for women. In fact, heart disease is the number one cause of death for women worldwide, yet many women are unaware of the specific symptoms and risk factors for heart disease. Understanding these signs and taking preventative measures can make a difference.

Main symptoms to look out for

While men and women can experience similar heart attack symptoms, women often face more subtle and atypical signs that can sometimes be easily overlooked.To understand the symptoms and factors that trigger heart problems in women, OnlyMyHealth  spoke to Dr Sumol Ratna, Assistant Professor, College of Medicine, Noida International University (NIU).

1. Chest discomfort: Unlike the sharp chest pain commonly experienced by men, women may experience chest discomfort, pressure, or a tightness sensation. “It’s important not to dismiss chest discomfort as being due to indigestion or stress, especially if it persists,” stresses Dr. Ratna. 
2. Shortness of breath: Women may feel short of breath even during light physical activity or at rest. This symptom can easily be mistaken for anxiety or lack of energy, but it should not be ignored. 
3. Fatigue: Unexplained excessive fatigue that doesn’t improve with rest is another warning sign. “Women often blame their busy lives for their fatigue, but persistent fatigue, especially when it first appears, could be a sign of a more serious problem,” Dr Ratna points out. 
4. Pain in other areas: Women are more likely than men to experience pain in the neck, jaw, back, and upper abdomen. This discomfort may radiate through the chest or occur without any chest pain. 
5. Nausea and indigestion: Nausea, bloating and upset stomach can also be linked to heart problems in women. “Women should be extra vigilant about these symptoms, especially if they occur along with other warning signs,” advises Dr Ratna. 
6. Dizziness or lightheadedness: Dizziness or lightheadedness can be symptoms of heart disease, so it’s important to see a doctor if it occurs frequently. 

Risk factors women should know about

Several risk factors increase a woman’s chances of developing heart disease, some of which are unique to women.

Age: The risk of heart disease increases with age, especially after menopause when the protective effects of estrogen decrease. 

Family history: A family history of heart disease can significantly increase a woman’s risk of heart disease. 

High Blood Pressure: High blood pressure is a leading cause of heart disease and stroke. Regular monitoring and management is important. 

High Cholesterol:  High LDL cholesterol levels and low HDL cholesterol levels lead to plaque buildup in your arteries and increase your risk of heart disease. 

Diabetes: Women with diabetes are at higher risk of heart disease than men with the disease. “While controlling blood sugar levels is essential, women also need to be aware of the broader cardiovascular risks associated with diabetes,” Dr. Ratna points out. 

Smoking: Tobacco use, including passive smoking, is a major risk factor for heart disease. 

Obesity: Excess weight, especially around the abdomen, is strongly linked to heart problems. 

Sedentary lifestyle: A sedentary lifestyle significantly impacts the risk of heart disease. Dr Ratna encourages women to incorporate regular physical activity into their daily lives. 

Stress and mental health: Chronic stress, anxiety and depression can affect heart health. “Mental health is just as important as physical health when it comes to protecting your heart,” says Dr. Ratna. 

Read more: Should you switch to a vegetarian diet to protect your heart health?

Prevention and Awareness

Regular medical checkups and screenings are essential to protect your heart health. Maintaining a balanced diet, engaging in physical activity, managing stress and avoiding smoking are important lifestyle choices. Recognizing symptoms and risk factors specific to women is the first step towards prevention.

“Women need to be proactive about their heart health,” concludes Dr. Sumol Ratna. “Early detection and lifestyle changes can prevent the progression of heart disease and significantly improve quality of life.” By taking these measures, women can protect their hearts and live healthier, more fulfilling lives.